Ke hana ʻoe me nā kiwikā puka ʻoihana, ʻelua mau kūlana e kū hou mai ana:API 600a meASME B16.34ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, a ʻo ke koho ʻana i ka mea hewa hiki ke alakaʻi i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana.
E alakaʻi ana kēia alakaʻi iā ʻoe ma o nā ʻokoʻa hoʻonohonoho, nā kūlana hana maʻamau, a me nā pono a me nā pōʻino o kēlā me kēia kūlana. I ka hopena, e ʻike pono ʻoe i ka wā e kuhikuhi ai i kahiʻO ka kiwikā puka API 600a i ka wā heASME B16.34 kiwikā pukaʻo ia ke koho naʻauao.
He aha ka API 600 Gate Valve?
He kūlana huahana ka API 600 i paʻi ʻia e ka American Petroleum Institute. ʻO kona inoa piha ʻo *Nā Kiwikā Puka Kila - Nā Wāhi Kuʻi Flanged a me Butt, Nā Poʻi Hoʻopaʻa ʻia*. Hoʻopuka mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1949, ua hana kūikawā ʻia no ka lawelawe koʻikoʻi i nā hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila a me nā hale hana kinoea kūlohelohe.
Uhi ke kūlana i nā papa kaomi mai ka Papa 150 a i ka Papa 2500 a me nā nui mai NPS 2 a i NPS 48. Ho'ākāka ia ma mua o 20 mau koi loea, me nā mea hana, ka mānoanoa o ka paia, ke anawaena o ke kumu, ka hana sila, ka paʻakikī o ka mahana haʻahaʻa, a me ka palekana ahi. Hoʻoikaika ka paʻi hou loa (API STD 600:2021) i ka pono no ka hoʻolālā piha piha, ka mānoanoa o ka paia kaumaha, a me nā kumu anawaena nui.
He aha ka ASME B16.34 Gate Valve?
ʻO ASME B16.34 kahi kūlana valve kumu i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Pili ia i nā valves hopena flanged, threaded, a me ka welding o nā ʻano maʻamau āpau - gate, globe, check, ball, a me butterfly valves.
ʻAʻole e like me ka API 600, kahi e uhi wale ana i nā kiwikā puka, hāʻawi ʻo ASME B16.34 i nā helu wela o ke kaomi, nā hui mea (49 ma ka huina), nā ʻano mānoanoa o ka paia, nā lula māka, a me nā koi hoʻāʻo. Loaʻa ia mai ka Papa 150 a hiki i ka Papa 4500, a hana no nā mahana mai -29°C a ʻoi aku ma mua o 500°C, ma muli o ka mea.
Nā ʻokoʻa kūkulu ma waena o API 600 a me ASME B16.34 Gate Valves
Ua like ke ʻano o nā kūlana ʻelua i ka nānā mua ʻana, akā ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou hoʻolālā kūloko.
Mānoanoa o ka paia
Hoʻākāka ʻo ASME B16.34 i kaka palena ikie pono ai ka mānoanoa o ka paia no ka mālama pono ʻana i ke kaomi. Mālama kēia i nā kiwikā i ka māmā a me ke kumukūʻai kūpono.
Nā koi API 600mānoanoa o ka paia keu- ma kahi o 20% ʻoi aku ka nui - kahi e hana ai ma ke ʻano he ʻae ʻana i ka pala i kūkulu ʻia. Hoʻolōʻihi kēlā metala keu i ke ola lawelawe i nā wahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe erosive.
Hoʻolālā Kumu
Pono ka API 600 i kahiʻoʻoleʻa, paʻa ke kumume ke anawaena ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kūlana maʻamau. Pale kēia i ke kūlou ʻana ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke paʻa ʻana o ka wedge ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka wela a i ʻole nā ʻōpala.
ʻAʻole hoʻokau ʻo ASME B16.34 i kahi koʻokoʻo paʻa; hiki i nā mea hana ke koho i nā hoʻolālā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi inā ʻae ka noi.
Hoʻohui Bonnet
Hoʻohana pinepine nā kiwikā puka API 600 i kahi pāpale i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i ʻole kahi pāpale sila kaomi. E lilo ke ʻano sila kaomi i ʻoi aku ka paʻa i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi kūloko - kūpono no ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻokuʻu ʻo ASME B16.34 i ke ʻano bonnet e hāmama ana, e hāʻawi ana i nā mea hoʻolālā i ke kūʻokoʻa hou aku.
ʻAno Sila
Koi ʻo API 600 i kahisila metala-a-metalame ka paʻa ʻana (e laʻa, Stellite) ma ka noho a me ka wedge. Hoʻoponopono kēia i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻopili i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā ʻāpana.
ʻAe ʻo ASME B16.34 i nā sila palupalu a i ʻole nā sila metala, ma muli o ka hoʻolālā a ka mea hana.
ʻAno Wedge a me ka nui o ka Bore
ʻAneʻane mau nā kiwikā puka API 600piha piha(puka piha) e hōʻemi i ke kū'ē ʻana o ke kahe a pale i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā ʻōpala. ʻO ka wedge maʻamau he wedge paʻa a palupalu paha.
ʻAe ʻo ASME B16.34 i nā hoʻolālā bore i hoʻemi ʻia inā e kūlike ka wahi kahe liʻiliʻi loa me nā koi palekana.
Kaumaha holoʻokoʻa
Ma muli o ke kaumaha o ka pā, ke koʻokoʻo nui, a me ke poʻi ʻoʻoleʻa, heʻO ka kiwikā puka API 600ʻoi aku kona kaumaha ma kahi o 20% ma mua oASME B16.34 kiwikā pukao ka nui like a me ka papa kaomi. ʻO kēlā ʻokoʻa kaumaha he hopena pololei ia o nā ʻano hoʻolālā like ʻole.
Nā Kūlana Hana - Kahi e ʻoi aku ai kēlā me kēia kūlana
Hana maʻamau no nā API 600 Gate Valves
E ʻike ʻoe i nā kīʻaha puka API 600 ma nā lawelawe ʻoihana paʻakikī loa:
- Nā hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila– nā ʻāpana catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, a me nā ʻāpana coker kahi i loaʻa ai ka sulfur, nā hydrocarbons wela kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole nā mea hoʻoheheʻe catalyst.
- Nā ʻōnaehana mahu kiʻekiʻe– ma luna o 5 MPa (ma kahi o 725 psi), e like me nā laina mahu nui ma nā kikowaena mana.
- Ke kahe ʻana o nā mea paʻa i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka mahana kiʻekiʻe– nā wai e lawe ana i nā ʻāpana coke a i ʻole ka lepo catalyst.
- Nā wahi i maʻalahi i ke ahi- hāʻawi ka noho hao i ka palekana ahi kūlohelohe me ka ʻole o ka palapala hōʻoia hou aʻe.
ʻO ka lawelawe maʻamau no nā ASME B16.34 Gate Valves
Uhi nā kiwikā puka ASME B16.34 i kahi ākea ākea o ka ʻoihana maʻamau:
- Ka mālama wai a me ka HVAC– nā mea hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, maʻemaʻe a hiki i ka Papa 600 a me 425°C.
- Nā laina hana kemika- nui nā koho mea i loaʻa, akā me ka ʻole o nā palena palekana keu o API 600.
- Nā ʻōnaehana kōkua o ka hale hana mana– ka wai hoʻolulu, ka ʻaila lube, a me ka mahu haʻahaʻa.
- Ka hoʻoili ʻaila a me ke kinoea maʻamau- kahi ʻaʻohe pilikia nui o ka ʻino a i ʻole ke ahi.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi a me nā Pōʻino
ʻO ka API 600 Gate Valve - Nā Pono
| Pōmaikaʻi | No ke aha he mea nui |
|---|---|
| Hilinaʻi loa i ka lawelawe koʻikoʻi | Hoʻolālā ʻia no ka Papa 150 a i ka Papa 2500 me 20+ mau koi paʻakikī |
| Sila maikaʻi loa | Nā lima noho hao no nā ʻāpana a me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe; loaʻa nā ʻūpā haʻahaʻa hoʻokuʻu |
| Palekana ahi kūlohelohe | ʻAʻohe hoʻāʻo hou e pono ai no ka lawelawe lapalapa |
| Ikaika kūkulu kiʻekiʻe | ʻO nā paia mānoanoa, ke kumu nui, a me ka pāpale ikaika e kū'ē i ka hana ʻino |
| Ola lawelawe lōʻihi | Kūpaʻa ka mānoanoa o ka paia a me ka paʻakikī i ka pala a me ka ʻino |
ʻO ka API 600 Gate Valve - Cons
| Ka hemahema | No ke aha he mea nui |
|---|---|
| Kaumaha a nui | ~20% kaumaha ma mua o ka valve ASME B16.34 like, e koi ana i nā kākoʻo paipu ikaika a me kahi ākea |
| ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai | ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana, a me ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi |
| Hana lohi | He nui nā huli e wehe a pani piha ai paha i nā kiwikā puka |
| Ka pilikia o ka ʻaʻahu noho | Paheʻe ka wedge i nā noho i ka wā e hahau ai, hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i kekahi mau lawelawe |
| ʻAʻole no ka hoʻopau ʻana | ʻO ka wehe hapa ʻana e hōʻino koke i ka noho a me ka wedge |
| Pono ka torque kiʻekiʻe | Pono nā ʻokoʻa kaomi nui i nā mea hoʻoikaika ikaika |
ASME B16.34 Puka Kiwikā - Nā Pono
| Pōmaikaʻi | No ke aha he mea nui |
|---|---|
| Ka hoʻohana ākea | Uhi i ka puka pā, ka honua, ka nānā, ka pōpō, ka pulelehua - kekahi hui mea |
| Kūlana kiʻekiʻe | ʻO nā papa mahana kaomi e maʻalahi ke koho a hōʻoia i ka hiki ke hoʻololi |
| Hoʻolālā maʻalahi | ʻAʻohe sila metala i hoʻokau ʻia a i ʻole ke koʻokoʻo paʻa - hiki i ka mea hana ke hoʻomaikaʻi |
| Kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa | Mālama ka mānoanoa o ka paia liʻiliʻi i nā mea a me ka mīkini |
| Ka hoʻohana ʻana ma waena o nā ʻoihana | Hana ma ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea, ka mana, nā kemika, ka wai, a me ka ʻoihana maʻamau |
ASME B16.34 Puka Kiwikā - Cons
| Ka hemahema | No ke aha he mea nui |
|---|---|
| Ka palena liʻiliʻi no ka lawelawe koʻikoʻi | ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka pā liʻiliʻi i ka ʻae hou aku no ka palaho a i ʻole ka ʻino ʻana |
| ʻAʻohe hoʻonui kūikawā o ka ʻoihana | ʻAʻohe hoʻokolohua kikoʻī no ka hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe (e laʻa, palekana ahi, hoʻokuʻu haʻahaʻa) |
| ʻAʻole palekana i ke ahi ma ka paʻamau | Pono e kauoha pono i kahi hoʻolālā palekana ahi inā pono |
Papa Hoʻohālikelike Wikiwiki - API 600 vs ASME B16.34
| Hiʻona | Kiwikā Puka API 600 | ASME B16.34 Puka Kiwikā |
|---|---|---|
| ʻAno maʻamau | ʻOihana kikoʻī (ʻaila a me ke kinoea) | Kūlana kumu laulā |
| Nā ʻano valve i uhi ʻia | ʻO nā kiwikā puka flanged/butt-weld wale nō | Nā ʻano valve maʻamau a pau |
| Pae kaomi | Papa 150 - 2500 | Papa 150 - 4500 |
| Pae nui | NPS 2 – 48 | Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka valve |
| Mānoanoa o ka paia | Kaumaha (me ka ʻae ʻia no ka palaho) | Ka palena iki (ma muli o ke kaomi) |
| ʻAno sila | Mea hao-i-ka-metala i koi ʻia | Palupalu a metala paha (koho) |
| Hoʻolālā kumu | Paʻa, anawaena nui | Hiki ke paʻa ʻole |
| Luhi | Piha piha wale nō | Ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻōhū i ʻae ʻia |
| Palekana ahi | Noho metala (noho hao) | ʻAʻole koi ʻia |
| Nā noi maʻamau | Nā hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā mahu kaomi kiʻekiʻe, nā mea paʻa wela kiʻekiʻe | Wai, HVAC, nā kemika laulā, mahu haʻahaʻa |
Pehea e koho ai ma waena o API 600 a me ASME B16.34 Gate Valves
ʻO ke kī, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēlāKūkulu ʻia ka API 600 ma luna o ASME B16.34Pono hoʻi kahi kiwikā puka API 600 e hoʻokō i nā helu mahana-paʻa o ASME B16.34. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻo API 600 ka **mana i hoʻoikaika ʻia** no ke kuleana koʻikoʻi.
Koho i ka API 600 i ka wā:
- Aia i loko o ka pāpaho ka sulfur, hydrogen, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe catalyst, a i ʻole nā ʻāpana coke.
- ʻOi aku ke kaomi mahu ma mua o 5 MPa (≈725 psi).
- Aia ka kiwikā i loko o kahi pilikia ahi a makemake ʻoe i ka palekana ahi kūlohelohe.
- He pinepine nā pōʻaiapuni wela a i ʻole ka haʻalulu o ka paipu - kūʻē ke koʻokoʻo paʻa a me ka paia kaumaha i ka luhi.
E koho iā ASME B16.34 i ka wā:
- ʻO ka mea pāpaho he wai maʻemaʻe, ea, kinoea inert, a i ʻole ka ʻaila māmā.
- ʻO ka papa kaomi he Papa 150 a i ʻole Papa 300 i ka lawelawe ʻaʻole e palaho.
- ʻO ka ʻōnaehana he HVAC, wai pono, a i ʻole wai ahi.
- Pono ʻoe i kahi kiwikā ʻaʻohe puka (globe, check, ball) - a laila ʻo ASME B16.34 kāu kūlana kumu.
Hihia kūikawā - ʻoihana mana:Pono pinepine nā kiwikā mana kiʻekiʻe i ka API 600 a me ASME B16.34, a me nā kūlana hou aʻe e like me ASME B16.34 Class 4500 a i ʻole MSS SP‑144 no ka lawelawe kiʻekiʻe a me ka mahana kiʻekiʻe.
Nā Manaʻo Hope Loa
API 600a meASME B16.34ʻaʻole he mau mea hoʻokūkū - lawelawe lākou i nā kumu like ʻole. Hāʻawi ʻo ASME B16.34 i kapapaheleno ka hoʻolālā valve palekana ma nā ʻoihana āpau. Hoʻohui ʻo API 600 i kahikaupaku hana kaumahano nā ʻāpana aila, kinoea, a me ka petrochemical.
Inā ʻoe e kuhikuhi i kahi kiwikā puka maʻamau no kahi hydrotreater refinery a i ʻole kahi laina mahu nui, e hele me API 600. ʻO ke kaumaha a me ke kumukūʻai keu e uku ʻia i ka hilinaʻi a me ka palekana.
Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi kiwikā puka no ke kumu maʻamau no ka laina wai hoʻolulu a i ʻole ka mahu haʻahaʻa, ua kūpono loa ʻo ASME B16.34 a ʻoi aku ka hoʻokele waiwai.
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia pilina e kōkua iā ʻoe e pale aku i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana (hoʻonele kālā) a i ʻole ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana (ka pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana).
—
Nā kuhikuhi (no ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka mea heluhelu - ua manaʻo ʻia nā kumu kumu)
- API Std 600:2021 – Nā Kiwikā Puka Kila
- ASME B16.34-2020 – Nā Valves – Flanged, Threaded, a me ka Welding End
- Nā hana maikaʻi loa o ka ʻoihana mai nā mea hana valve nui a me nā alakaʻi ʻenekinia
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-27-2026