Nā Pōpō Valve: ʻO ke Koʻikoʻi Pololei o ka Hana Valve Ball

He aha nā pōpō Valve?

ʻO ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kahikiwikā poepoeʻo ia ka pōpō valve (a i ʻole ka pōpō valve sphere). ʻO kona hoʻolālā e hoʻoholo pololei i ka hana sila o ka valve, ka hiki ke kāohi kahe, a me ke ola lawelawe.

ʻAno a me ka pololei:

Hoʻokomo nā pōpō maʻamau i nā hoʻolālā piha-bore a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻolālā i hoʻemi ʻia. Loaʻa i ka pōpō piha-bore kahi anawaena bore e kūlike ana i ke anawaena o loko o ka pipeline (e laʻa, he pōpō 2 Inch kahi bore 2 Inch), e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ke kū'ē ʻana o ke kahe kokoke i ka zero. Pono ka pololei o ka mīkini e hoʻokō i ka pae IT6-IT7 (e like me ISO 286), me ka ʻili ʻili ≤0.8μm (Ra) e hōʻemi i ka ʻaʻahu a hōʻoia i ka hana maʻalahi.

Ke kuleana o nā pōpō Valve

ʻO nā pōpō valve ka mea nui e hoʻopaʻa ai a hoʻomalu i ke kahe ʻana i loko o kahi valve pōpō. ʻO ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka pōpō 90 degere e wehe a pani paha i ke ala kahe. ʻO ko lākou ʻili pololei a me ka pono o nā mea he mea nui loa ia no ka pani paʻa ʻana i ka leak a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaohi kahe.

Nā Mea Hana Pōpō Valve

Kila Kinoea (304/316):

Hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana kemika, petrochemical, a me ka hana meaʻai.

Ke kila kalapona me ka uhi nikala:

He hopena kūpono ke kumukūʻai e hāʻawi ana i ka palekana kaulike i ka pala, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana wai haʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka seramika (e laʻa, Alumina, Zirconia):

Hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa kūikawā i ka abrasion, ka pala, a me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 1200°C), akā hōʻike i ka brittleness kiʻekiʻe (e pili ana i nā "Valve Engineering Handbooks"). Kūpono no ka slurry koʻikoʻi a me nā lawelawe wela kiʻekiʻe.

Nā ʻAno o nā Pōpō Valve

Pōpō ʻO-Port:

He pōpō poepoe maʻamau me ka lua cylindrical, hoʻohana ʻia i ka hapa nui o nā kiwikā pōpō lana a me nā kiwikā pōpō trunnion.

Pōpō V-Port:

Loaʻa iā ia kahi notch ʻano V i loko o ka lua, e hiki ai ke kaohi pololei i ke kahe ʻana (i hōʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano like o ke kahe ʻana o ka pakeneka), hoʻohana kūikawā ʻia i nā kiwikā poepoe V-port.

Pōpō C-Port:

ʻO ka lua i ke ʻano e like me ka "C", hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā noi multi-port kikoʻī.

Pōpō U-Port:

ʻO ka lua i ke ʻano e like me ka "U", hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā kiwikā multi-port no nā koi hoʻohuli kahe kikoʻī.

Pōpō Lana:

ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pōpō i ke kumu a hilinaʻi ʻia i ke kaomi ma lalo e koi iā ia i ka noho no ka sila ʻana. He mea maʻamau i nā nui liʻiliʻi.

Pōpō i kau ʻia ma luna o Trunnion (Paʻa):

Kākoʻo ʻia ka pōpō e nā bearings trunnion ma luna a me lalo, e hōʻemi ana i ka torque hana a me ka ukana noho, ʻoiai he mea koʻikoʻi ia i nā noi kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā anawaena nui.

Nā Pōpō ʻEkolu Ala:

Pōpō T-Port:

Hoʻokele i ke kahe ma waena o nā awa ʻelua a i ʻole hiki ke pani i nā kahe āpau.

Pōpō L-Port:

Hoʻohui i ke awa waena i kekahi o nā awa ʻaoʻao ʻelua akā ʻaʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻekolu i ka manawa like.

Nā memo koʻikoʻi: Nā pōpō paʻa vs. nā pōpō hakahaka

ʻO kekahi mau mea hana, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma Kina, hana i nā pōpō valve hollow ma ke ʻano he ana mālama kālā.

ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kaomi o nā pōpō hakahaka ma muli o ko lākou lua i loko a ʻaʻole kūlike me nā koi hoʻolālā o API 6D (Pipeline Valves).

Pono nā limahana kūʻai a me nā limahana nānā e hōʻoia pono me ka mea hana inā paʻa a hakahaka paha nā pōpō valve i hāʻawi ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pōpō hakahaka i nā noi kaomi he mea weliweli nui ia no ka palekana.

Ka hana ʻana i ka Valve Ball Machining a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili

I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka paʻakikī o ka pōleʻa kiwikā, e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe kiwikā, a hoʻoikaika i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā hana ʻili kūikawā (nā uhi):

Paʻa paʻa:

ʻO nā ʻano hana e like me ka Stellite overlay (e laʻa, Stellite 6, 21), nā hui NiCrBSi (e laʻa, Ni60), a i ʻole nā ​​​​uhi Tungsten Carbide (WC) e hoʻonui nui i ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka abrasion.

Nā Alloys Chrome-Kiʻekiʻe:

Hāʻawi nā ʻaʻahu e like me 13Cr i ke kūpaʻa i ka pala a me ka ʻino.

He mea nui ka wili pololei a me ka lapping (ma hope o ka uhi ʻana inā hoʻopili ʻia) no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻopau ʻili i makemake ʻia (Ra ≤0.8μm) a me ka sphericity no ka sila pono ʻana.

Ka Pilina ʻana o ka Pōpō Valve me nā ʻĀpana ʻē aʻe (Nā Noho Valve)

ʻO ka hana o kahi valve pōpō e pili ana i ka pilina pololei ma waena o ka pōpō valve, nā noho, a me ke kumu.

Nā ʻōnaehana sila Valve Ball a me ka noho

Noho Palupalu (PTFE/Elastomers e like me NBR, EPDM):

Hoʻokō i nā helu leakage haʻahaʻa loa (≤10⁻⁶ m³/s, ISO 5208 Papa A).

Pae mahana palena (maʻamau ≤200°C).

Maikaʻi loa no ka pani paʻa ʻana i nā lawelawe maʻemaʻe.

Noho Metala (e laʻa, Stellite, 316SS, Hardfaced):

Kūpono no nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 540°C+) a me nā lawelawe abrasive/corrosive.

ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu liki mua ma mua o nā noho palupalu akā hiki ke hoʻokō i ka liki haʻahaʻa (Class B/C/D) ma hope o ke kāʻei pololei ʻana o ka pōpō a me ka noho a hiki i nā hoʻopau maikaʻi loa (Ra ≤0.4μm).

He mea pono no nā hana palekana ahi.

Nā Pōpō Valve ma nā Valves Lana vs. Trunnion Mounted Ball Valves

Ho'ākāka ka mīkini kāko'o pōpō i 'elua mau'ano valve nui:

Nā Kiwikā Pōpō Lana (ʻO ka maʻamau ≤DN200):

Ua noa ka pōpō e lana iki i lalo. Paʻi ke kaomi o ka ʻōnaehana i ka pōpō e kūʻē i ka noho i lalo e hana i kahi sila.

ʻO ka torque hana haʻahaʻa (e laʻa, ≤50N·m no DN100 no nā helu API 6D).

Palena: Hiki ke kaumaha nui ʻia ka noho a me ka hiki ke "jamming" ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe; ma ke ʻano laulā i kaupalena ʻia i nā helu PN40 (Class 300).

Nā Kiwikā Pōpō i Hoʻopaʻa ʻia me Trunnion (No ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me ka lua nui):

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pōpō ma nā bearings trunnion. Hoʻouka ʻia nā noho me ka puna a kau ʻia ke kaomi e kūʻē i ka pōpō.

Hāʻawi i ka sila hilinaʻi loa, ka torque hana haʻahaʻa loa (ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā nui nui), a me ke kūpono no nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe loa (PN100 / Papa 600 a ʻoi aku).

Hoʻohana Maʻamau: Nā paipu aila a me ke kinoea koʻikoʻi (e laʻa, nā kiwikā trunnion DN300 i helu ʻia no 10MPa i hoʻohana ʻia i nā papahana nui e like me ka West-East Gas Pipeline).

Nā Pōpō Valve i nā Valves Ball Noho Metal vs. Nā Pōpō Noho Palupalu

ʻO ke koho ʻana o ka mea pōpō a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili e pili pono ana i ke ʻano o ka noho:

Nā Kiwikā Noho Palupalu:

Hoʻohana pinepine i nā pōpō kila kila maʻamau (304/316). Hoʻohālikelike maʻalahi ka noho palupalu i ka ʻili o ka pōpō.

Nā kiwikā i noho ʻia me ka hao:

Pono nā pōpō paʻakikī (e laʻa, ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana e like me Stellite a i ʻole WC) e kū i ke koʻikoʻi pili kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻānai ʻana e kūʻē i ka noho metala paʻakikī like. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka ʻili me ka pololei.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻikepili noi ʻoihana

Mālama: Nā Hōʻailona Hoʻolaha o ka Pōʻino Pōpō

Ka Hohonu o ke Kaʻi ʻana >0.1mm:

Hōʻike i ka pōʻino nui o ka ʻili e hōʻino ana i ke sila ʻana; he mea koi ke hoʻololi i ka pōpō (e like me ke alakaʻi ASME B16.34).

Hoʻonui ʻia ka Torque Hana >20%:

He hōʻailona ia no ka paʻakikī/deformation o ka noho, ka friction nui, a i ʻole ka eccentricity o ka pōpō e pono ai ke noiʻi ʻia.

Hopena: Ka Palena Hana

ʻO ka hoʻolālā, ke koho ʻana i nā mea, a me ka pololei o ka hana ʻana o ka pōpō valve e wehewehe pono i nā palena hana ("ke kaupaku") o kekahi valve pōpō. Mai ke koho ʻana i ka metala kūpono a me ka uhi ʻana a hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka ʻōnaehana sila kūpono, pono e hoʻohālikelike pono ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu i nā kūlana lawelawe kikoʻī. ʻOiai nā ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka pōpō a i ʻole ka hoʻohālikelike hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka valve ma mua o ka manawa. ʻO ke kālā ʻana i nā pōpō valve kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe he mea nui loa ia no ka palekana, ka hilinaʻi, a me ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma nā noi koi.