Kiwikā Hōʻoia Pōpō
He mea ʻeha maoli ke kahe hope i nā ʻōnaehana paipu. Ke pau ka pamu, holo wikiwiki ke wai i hope. Hiki i kēlā kahe hope koke ke hōʻino i nā pamu, nā mika, a me nā paipu pahū. He hopena maʻalahi a hilinaʻi hoʻi kahi valve nānā pōpō no kēia pilikia.
Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi kiwikā hoʻihoʻi ʻole no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, ka hoʻohui kemika, a i ʻole ka hoʻoinu wai ʻana, e kōkua kēia alakaʻi iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo pono i ka hana a kahi kiwikā nānā pōpō a pehea e koho ai i ka mea kūpono.
He aha kaKiwikā Hōʻoia Pōpō?
Hoʻohana ka valve nānā pōpō i kahi pōpō lana manuahi e ʻae i ke kahe ʻana i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao a ālai iā ia i ke ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he puka hoʻokahi ala. Ke kahe ka wai i mua, hoʻokuke ia i ka pōpō mai kona noho. Ke pau ke kahe a hoʻāʻo paha e hoʻi i hope, ua koi ʻia ka pōpō i hope i ka noho, e hana ana i kahi sila paʻa.
ʻO ke ʻano nui? ʻO ka pōpō wale nō ka ʻāpana e neʻe ana. ʻAʻohe pūnāwai, ʻaʻohe hinges, ʻaʻohe diaphragms. ʻO kēlā maʻalahi e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā kiwikā nānā pōpō.
Pehea e hana ai ka Valve Check Ball?
He maʻalahi. Aia i loko o ke kino o ka valve kahi pōpō - ʻo ka maʻamau he metala paʻa, kila kila hakahaka, a i ʻole i uhi ʻia i ka laholio. Noho ka pōpō ma luna o kahi noho.
- Kahe i mua: Hāpai ke kaomi wai i ka pōpō mai ka noho. ʻŌwili ka pōpō i ka ʻaoʻao, a hele ka wai ma waena o ka pōpō a me ke kino.
- Kahe hoʻi hope: Hoʻihoʻi ke kaomi hope i ka pōpō i luna o ka noho. ʻO ka ikaika o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke kahe hoʻi hope, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka sila ʻana o ka pōpō.
Hoʻohana kekahi mau hoʻolālā i nā iwi ʻaoʻao alakaʻi a i ʻole kahi keʻena i loko o ke kino e mālama i ka pōpō i waenakonu a neʻe mālie.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi Koʻikoʻi o nā Kiwikā Hōʻoia Pōpō
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kiwikā nānā swing a i ʻole nā kiwikā nānā hāpai, hāʻawi nā kiwikā nānā pōpō i kekahi mau pono kūpono:
1. Sila maikaʻi loa, liʻiliʻi ka leakage
Hoʻopili ka pōpō i ka noho ma kahi laina a i ʻole ke apo haiki. Ke hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻili ʻelua, kokoke i ka ʻole o ka leakage. Hoʻokahe pinepine nā kiwikā nānā swing ke paʻa nā ʻōpala ma lalo o ka disc - ʻaʻole ia he pilikia ma aneʻi.
2. Hoʻomanawanui i nā pāpaho haumia
Hoʻohuli a ʻōwili ka pōpō i ke kahe ʻana o ke wai. ʻO kēlā hana ʻōwili e hoʻokuke i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. No ka wai hoʻoneoneo a i ʻole ka wai i hoʻopuehu hou ʻia me kekahi mau mea paʻa, ʻoi aku ka kala ʻana o nā kiwikā nānā pōpō ma mua o nā hoʻolālā ʻē aʻe.
3. Haʻahaʻa kaomi haʻahaʻa
Ke wehe piha ʻia, noho ka pōpō ma waho loa o ke ala kahe. Kokoke ka nui o ka lua, no laila ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pohō kaomi ma mua o nā kiwikā hōʻoia hāpai.
4. Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano pae, a ma ke ʻano kū pololei (me ke akahele)
ʻO kahi kiwikā nānā pōpō lana manuahi maʻamau no nā laina ʻaoʻao. Akā aia nā mana i kōkua ʻia e ka puna no ke kahe ʻana i luna. E pili hou aku i kēlā ma hope.
5. Maʻalahi loa ka mālama ʻana
Wehe i ka uhi, lawe i waho i ka pōpō, holoi a maʻemaʻe, nānā i ka noho - ʻo ia wale nō. Hiki i kekahi kanaka ke hana ia mea i loko o ʻumi mau minuke.
Nā Mea Maʻamau a me nā Wai a lākou e lawelawe ai
ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka mea kūpono e hana i nā ʻokoʻa āpau. Eia nā hui pū ʻana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ke kahua:
| Mea Pōpō | Mea Kino | Media Maʻamau |
|---|---|---|
| Ke kila kila (304/316) | Ke kila kila (CF8/CF8M) | Nā wai ʻino, nā waikawa palupalu, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā aila |
| Pōpō i uhi ʻia i ka laholio (EPDM/NBR) | Hao hoʻolei a hao ductile paha | ʻŌpala, wai kai, nā lepo me nā mea paʻa liʻiliʻi |
| Pōpō PTFE paʻa a i ʻole PFA i uhi ʻia | Kino kiwikā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia | Nā waikawa ikaika, nā alkalis ikaika, nā kemika maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe |
| Pōpō keleawe | Keleawe a keleawe paha | Wai maʻemaʻe, ea haʻahaʻa, ʻaila wahie |
He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ke ao maoliInā loaʻa i kāu media nā mea fibrous - e like me ka pulp pepa a i ʻole nā lohi lole - hiki ke ʻōwili ʻia ka pōpō. I kēlā hihia, mai hoʻohana i ka valve nānā pōpō. E koho i ka valve puka pahi a i ʻole ka valve nānā duckbill. Hana maikaʻi nā valve nānā pōpō me nā mea paʻa granular a ʻōwili paha.
Nā Hoʻohana Maʻamau (Ma hea ʻoe e loaʻa ai iā lākou)
- Nā ʻōnaehana mālama wai a me ka hoʻolako– Nā paipu hoʻokuʻu pamu e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka hāmare wai.
- Ka hoʻoinu wai a me ka mahiʻai– Nā puka pamu kula. ʻAʻole e pepehi maʻalahi iā lākou me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, paʻakikī, a me ke one.
- Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau kemika– Hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka pamu ana. Hana pū me kahi valve backpressure e pale ai i ke kahe hou ʻana i loko o nā pahu kemika.
- Meaʻai a me ka mea inu– Nā mana kila kila. Kūpono no nā laina hoʻihoʻi CIP.
- Moana a me waho o ka ʻāina– Nā laina hoʻopaʻa, nā ʻōnaehana bilge. Kūʻē i ka pala o ka wai kai.
- Ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino– Nā laina lepo mai nā mea hoʻomālamalama mua, nā laina ea no nā mea hoʻolaha (e hoʻohana i ka pōpō i uhi ʻia i ka laholio).
Pehea e koho ai i ka Valve Check Ball kūpono - ʻElima mau nīnau
Ma mua o kou kūʻai ʻana, e nīnau iā ʻoe iho i kēia mau nīnau:
1. Loaʻa i nā mea pāpaho nā ʻāpana nui a i ʻole nā olonā?
Nā olonā → pale i nā kiwikā nānā pōpō. Nā ʻāpana paʻakikī (one, ʻōpala wili) → maikaʻi, akā e hoʻokomo i kahi kānana Y ma uka.
2. Ke kau ʻana ma ke ʻano moe a kū paha?
ʻAoʻao pae → ʻano lana manuahi maʻamau. ʻAoʻao kū pololei me ke kahe i luna → pono ʻoe i kahi kumu hoʻohālike kōkua puna (kapa kekahi he kiwikā nānā pōpō kū pololei).
3. He aha ka mahana a me ke kaomi?
Wai maʻemaʻe ma lalo o 80°C (176°F) → kino hao i hoʻolei ʻia me ka pōpō i uhi ʻia i ka laholio. Mahana kiʻekiʻe (ma luna o 150°C / 302°F) → kila kila piha me ka pōpō i kau ʻia ma ka metala.
4. Ke holo paikikala pinepine ʻana?
Inā wehe a pani ka kiwikā i nā manawa he nui i kēlā me kēia hola, e ʻele koke ka pōpō a me ka noho. No nā helu paikikala kiʻekiʻe, e noʻonoʻo i kahi kiwikā nānā mālie a i ʻole kahi kiwikā nānā puna.
5. He aha ka nui?
ʻO ka maʻamau, hana ʻia nā kiwikā nānā pōpō a hiki i ka DN300 (12 ʻīniha). ʻOi aku ka nui ma mua o kēlā, lilo ka pōpō i kaumaha loa no ka sila pono ʻana.
Ke kau ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana - Mai hana i kēia mau hewa
Nā Manaʻo Hoʻokomo
- E hahai i ke kahe o ka pua– Ua hoʻolei ʻia i loko o ke kino. E hoʻokomo i hope a ʻaʻohe āu hana nānā iki.
- Ka laina ʻaoʻao? Piʻi aʻe ka uhi– Pono ka pōpō i ke koʻikoʻi e hāʻule hou ai ma luna o ka noho. Inā ʻoe e kau i ka uhi i lalo, e hāʻule ka pōpō mai ka noho aku a e liki.
- Mai hoʻopaʻa pololei iā ia i kahi puka pamu– E waiho i kahi holo pololei o ka paipu (ma ka liʻiliʻi he 5 mau anawaena paipu) ma waena o ka pamu a me ka valve. ʻO ka haunaele ma ka pamu hiki ke hoʻolei i ka pōpō a hoʻopau koke.
- Nā pilina wili– I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka lipine PTFE, mai hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻoki lipine e komo i loko. Hiki i kēlā mau ʻoki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka pōpō.
Mālama Maʻamau
ʻAneʻane ʻaʻohe mālama pono ʻana i nā kiwikā nānā pōpō. Akā e makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ana he hewa kekahi mea:
- He kani "gurgling" mau ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka pamu
- Hāʻule mālie ke anakahi kaomi iho
- He leo kīkēkē metala melemele
Pehea e nānā ai a hoʻomaʻemaʻe:
1. E hoʻēmi i ke kaomi a hoʻokahe i ka laina.
2. Wehe i nā ʻūmiʻi uhi. E lawe i waho i ka pōpō a me ke sila noho.
3. E nānā i ka ʻili o ka pōpō no nā lua, nā ʻōpala, a i ʻole ke komo ʻana me ke ʻano ʻole.
4. E nānā i ka ʻili sila o ka noho no nā ʻauwaha.
5. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea āpau. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻaʻahu liʻiliʻi o ka noho. No ke ʻaʻahu nui, e hoʻololi i ka noho a me ka pōpō.
6. He memo e pili ana i nā kiwikā makepono: hoʻohana ka nui i nā pōpō kila kila hakahaka. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki iā lākou ke pala mai loko ahiolo. E hele me nā pōpō paʻa a i ʻole nā pōpō i uhi piha ʻia i ka laholio i ka wā hiki.
Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia (FAQ)
Q: Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia kahi kiwikā nānā pōpō ma ke ʻano kū pololei?
A: ʻO ke ʻano lana manuahi maʻamau no nā laina ʻaoʻao wale nō. No nā laina kū pololei me ke kahe ʻana i luna, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi kiwikā nānā pōpō kū pololei i kōkua ʻia e ka pūnāwai. A i ʻole, e hāʻule wale ka pōpō ma luna o ka noho a ʻaʻole loa e wehe.
Q: Ke pale nei ia i ka hāmare wai?
A: ʻAʻole. Pani koke ka kiwikā nānā pōpō, hiki ke hana i kahi hāmare wai liʻiliʻi. Inā he paipu lōʻihi kou me ka wikiwiki o ke kahe ʻana, e noʻonoʻo i kahi kiwikā nānā pani lohi a i ʻole e hoʻokomo i kahi mea hopu hāmare wai.
Q: Pōpō i uhi ʻia i ka laholio vs. pōpō kila kila - ʻo wai ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?
A: Aia ia i ke ʻano o ka wai. ʻO ka wai maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka wai hoʻokahe → ʻo ka pōpō i uhi ʻia i ka laholio e hāʻawi i ka sila maikaʻi a emi ke kumukūʻai. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, nā aila, a i ʻole nā kemika → kila kila piha. Mai hoʻohana i nā pōpō i uhi ʻia i ka laholio me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a i ʻole ka mahu wela.
Q: No ke aha e liki ai kaʻu kiwikā nānā pōpō ma hope o ʻeono mahina wale nō?
A: ʻO ka ʻino paha mai nā ʻāpana paʻakikī i loko o ka pāpaho - ke one, ka ʻōpala, a i ʻole ka unahi. Pau ka pōpō a me ka noho. Hoʻonā: e hoʻokomo i kahi kānana ma luna, a i ʻole e hoʻololi i kahi mea noho paʻakikī (stellite a i ʻole ceramic).
Q: He aha ke kaomi haki haʻahaʻa loa?
A: No kahi kiwikā nānā pōpō lana manuahi, ʻo ia hoʻi he 0.005 - 0.03 MPa (ma kahi o 0.05 - 0.3 bar). ʻO ia hoʻi ma kahi o 0.5 a 3 mika o ke kolamu wai. No nā ʻōnaehana kahe umekaumaha, maʻalahi kēlā e hoʻokō.
ʻAʻole ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe ka kiwikā nānā pōpō. Akā he hilinaʻi ia, kūpono ke kumukūʻai, a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻoponopono. ʻO ia ke kumu e koho ai nā ʻenekinia he nui no ka wai maʻemaʻe, ka wai hoʻoheheʻe, a me nā lawelawe kemika liʻiliʻi. E kiʻi i ʻekolu mau mea i pololei - ʻano media (ʻaʻohe olonā), ke kuhikuhi hoʻonohonoho, a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā mea - a e mau ka kiwikā nānā pōpō i ʻelima a ʻumi mau makahiki.
———————
Inā he noi kikoʻī kāu (ka nui, ka wai, ka mahana, ke kaomi) a ʻaʻole ʻoe maopopo inā he koho kūpono ka valve nānā pōpō, e wehewehe i nā kūlana o kāu paipu. E ʻoluʻoluhoʻokaʻaʻikekā mākou mau keʻena ʻenehana a me ke kūʻai aku.
Nā Mea Hana o nā Huahana Mea Hana Valve Newsway
ʻO kaMea Hana Valve KinamaiKina, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kona kino valves a me nā mea hoʻonaninani i lokoHoʻoheheʻe ʻiaʻano a meKe hoʻolei ʻanaʻano. Ma ka ʻaoʻao oKila kohu ʻolea meKe kila kalaponamea hana, mākou pū kekahihana i nā kiwikāi nā mea kūikawā e like me ka titanium, nā mea hoʻohui nickel, HASTELLOY®*, INCOLOY®, MONEL®, Alloy 20, super-duplex, nā mea hoʻohui kū'ē i ka corrosion a me nā mea urea grade.
Nā Mea Hana Valve i Loaʻa
| Inoa kālepa | Helu UNS. | ʻO ka helu Werkstoff. | Ke kāhiko ʻana | Ke hoʻolei ʻana |
| Ke kila kalapona | K30504 | 1.0402 | A105 | A216 WCB |
| Ke kila kalapona | 1.046 | A105N | ||
| Ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa mahana | K03011 | 1.0508 | A350 LF2 | A352 LCB |
| Ke kila kiʻekiʻe | K03014 | A694 F60 | ||
| 3 1/2 kila nikala | K32025 | 1.5639 | A350 LF3 | A352 LC3 |
| 5 Chrome, 1/2 Moly | K41545 | 1.7362 | A182 F5 | A217 C5 |
| 1 1/4 Chrome, 1/2 Moly | K11572 | 1.7733 | A182 F11 | A217 WC6 |
| K11597 | 1.7335 | |||
| 2 1/4 Chrome, 1/2 Moly | K21590 | 1.738 | A182 F22 | A217 WC9 |
| 9 Chrome, 1 Moly | K90941 | 1.7386 | A182 F9 | A217 CW6 |
| X 12 Chrome, 091 Moly | K91560 | 1.4903 | A182 F91 | A217 C12 |
| 13 Chrome | S41000 | A182 F6A | A351 CA15 | |
| 17-4PH | S17400 | 1.4542 | A564 630 | |
| 254 SMo | S31254 | 1.4547 | A182 F44 | A351 CK3MCuN |
| 304 | S30400 | 1.4301 | A182 F304 | A351 CF8 |
| 304L | S30403 | 1.4306 | A182 F304L | A351 CF3 |
| 310S | S31008 | 1.4845 | A182 F310S | A351 CK20 |
| 316 | S31600 | 1.4401 | A182 F316 | A351 CF8M |
| S31600 | 1.4436 | |||
| 316L | S31603 | 1.4404 | A182 F316L | A351 CF3M |
| 316Ti | S31635 | 1.4571 | A182 F316Ti | |
| 317L | S31703 | 1.4438 | A182 F317L | A351CG8M |
| 321 | S32100 | 1.4541 | A182 F321 | |
| 321H | S32109 | 1.4878 | A182 F321H | |
| 347 | S34700 | 1.455 | A182 F347 | A351 CF8C |
| 347H | S34709 | 1.4961 | A182 F347H | |
| 410 | S41000 | 1.4006 | A182 F410 | |
| 904L | N08904 | 1.4539 | A182 F904L | |
| Kāpena 20 | N08020 | 2.466 | B462 N08020 | A351 CN7M |
| ʻElua pālua 4462 | S31803 | 1.4462 | A182 F51 | A890 Gr 4A |
| SAF 2507 | S32750 | 1.4469 | A182 F53 | A890 Gr 6A |
| ʻO Zeron 100 | S32760 | 1.4501 | A182 F55 | A351 GR CD3MWCuN |
| ʻO Ferralium® 255 | S32550 | 1.4507 | A182 F61 | |
| ʻO Nicrofer 5923 hMo | N06059 | 2.4605 | B462 N06059 | |
| Nikala 200 | N02200 | 2.4066 | B564 N02200 | |
| Nikala 201 | N02201 | 2.4068 | B564 N02201 | |
| Monel® 400 | N04400 | 2.436 | B564 N04400 | A494 M35-1 |
| Monel® K500 | N05500 | 2.4375 | B865 N05500 | |
| ʻO Incoloy® 800 | N08800 | 1.4876 | B564 N08800 | |
| ʻO Incoloy® 800H | N08810 | 1.4958 | B564 N08810 | |
| ʻO Incoloy® 800HT | N08811 | 1.4959 | B564 N08811 | |
| ʻO Incoloy® 825 | N08825 | 2.4858 | B564 N08825 | |
| ʻO Inconel® 600 | N06600 | 2.4816 | B564 N06600 | A494 CY40 |
| ʻO Inconel® 625 | N06625 | 2.4856 | B564 N06625 | A494 CW 6MC |
| ʻO Hastelloy® B2 | N10665 | 2.4617 | B564 N10665 | A494 N 12MV |
| ʻO Hastelloy® B3 | N10675 | 2.46 | B564 N10675 | |
| ʻO Hastelloy® C22 | N06022 | 2.4602 | B574 N06022 | A494 CX2MW |
| ʻO Hastelloy® C276 | N10276 | 2.4819 | B564 N10276 | |
| ʻO Hastelloy® C4 | N06455 | 2.461 | B574 N06455 | |
| Titanium GR. 1 | R50250 | 3.7025 | B381 F1 | B367 C1 |
| Titanium GR. 2 | R50400 | 3.7035 | B381 F2 | B367 C2 |
| Titanium GR. 3 | R50550 | 3.7055 | B381 F3 | B367 C3 |
| Titanium GR. 5 | R56400 | 3.7165 | B381 F5 | B367 C5 |
| Titanium GR. 7 | R52400 | 3.7235 | B381 F7 | B367 C7 |
| Titanium GR. 12 | R53400 | 3.7225 | B381 F12 | B367 C12 |
| Zirconium® 702 | R60702 | B493 R60702 | ||
| Zirconium® 705 | R60705 | B493 R60705 |
















